I've been doing some testing of passive DIs recently too, but I was just using the normal output on the rear of my Scarlett solo to drive the input of the DI. However, I like your idea of using the headphone output to mimic an instrument load. One question; what type of cable did you use to go from the headphone jack to the DI's input? A standard "guitar" cable (TS) or a balanced TRS cable?
I have a few cables on hand to test various configurations. Have to keep in mind that the 1/4 TRS jacks on the Scarlett are outputting signals that are not directly compatible with each other without an adapter of some type. The line output being balanced and the headphone output being stereo. Using a guitar cable in the TS headphone output jack would short out the right output, that's not good.
To test the Pro AV1 I used a 1/4 TRS to 3.5mm TRS adapter cable, headphone out to the 3.5 TRS input. I also some other breakout cables to verify the RCA inputs and a 1/4" TRS cable to test those inputs as well.
To test the LTI Blox I used a standard 1/4 TRS to 3.5mm headphone adapter.
The preliminary results of these tests seem to indicate that the audio problem many of us experience is actually with the low quality headphone amps in the playback devices themselves, not necessarily with the DI box (expect for the Rolls DB14 as I noted). I would expect the Scarlett to have a fairly decent headphone amplifier and it does seem to perform well enough.
Matt